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Common Types of Phishing

July 9, 2026

Phishing relies on social engineering to manipulate targets into revealing sensitive data like passwords or financial information. Scammers continuously adapt their techniques across email, text, voice, and web platforms. 

  • Email Phishing: Attackers send mass emails impersonating trusted brands (e.g., banks, delivery services), often including spoofed sender addresses or fake login links.

  • Smishing: Phishing via SMS or text messages. These typically feature urgent alerts, like a "package delivery issue" or an "overdue payment notice," urging the recipient to click a malicious link.

  • Vishing: Voice phishing in which scammers impersonate authorities (e.g., the IRS, tech support, or bank representatives) over phone calls to extract passwords or payment details.

  • Spear Phishing: Targeted, highly personalized attacks that leverage specific details—like your name, employer, or recent purchases—to deceive the victim.

  • Clone Phishing: Attackers copy a legitimate, previously sent email and replace the safe links or attachments with malicious ones to appear authoritative.

  • QR-Code "Quishing": Scammers embed QR codes in emails or physical flyers that direct the victim's phone to a fraudulent payment or credential-harvesting website.

Key Red Flags to Watch For

To recognize phishing attempts, verify communications against these indicators:
  • Forced Urgency: Alarms about "account suspensions" or "unusual sign-ins" requiring you to act immediately.
  • Mismatched Domains: Sender addresses that differ slightly from the official organization's domain (e.g., misspelled words or altered subdomains).
  • Unexpected Requests: Requests for personal information, such as passwords, Social Security numbers, or multi-factor authentication (MFA) codes.
  • Suspicious Links: Web addresses that do not correspond exactly to the expected, official website.
  • Grammar & Formatting: Obvious spelling errors, poor grammar, or low-quality logos.

Official Resources

To verify common frauds or report a scam, consult authoritative sources: